Movie: The Firm Essay, Research Paper
Movie: The Firm
Sydney Pollack’s film The Firm is a drama based on an desire to escape
from the law firm (Berndini, Lambert, and Lock) from which he was hired. The
relatively small but wealthy firm wines and dines the ambitious Harvard Law
Graduate’s (played by Tom Cruise) with money and gifts in order to make him part
of their team. Overwhelmed by the gracious treatment and substantial offer
Mitch McDeere takes the offer to be part of the Firm. The firm gets them caught
up in a affluent lifestyle that they never thought they could live. Once
involved n the day to day workings of the firm McDeere began to get subtle hints
of a corruption with a Mafia mob client. McDeere gets a hold of some
information that he shouldn’t have had access to that supports his suspicions.
When an FBI agent confronts him with evidence of corruption and murder within
the firm, Mitch forms a plan to indite the partners of the firm by gathering
information on overbilling of the firms clients. The firms clients files
contained information that could destroy both the firm and most of their mob
clients. Berndini, Lambert, and Lock had a past history of spending large sums
of money on their new lawyers then once they got used to the good life the firm
would let them in on the corruption that when on. The firm had a tight control
over their partners. They knew everything about their personal life as well as
their work life. All their homes were wired and their phones tapped. They also
had access to information on their partners family and friends. With such tight
controls over their lives they had a power to control their every move.
Temptations of escape were smothered by threats of harm. In two cases the
threats of harm led to murder.
A reoccurring theme of politics and power emerged throughout the film.
For this reason it seems most logical to analyze The Firm based on chapter
twelve of Stephen Robbins’ book Organizational Behavior. Power is defined as A
capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B so that B does things he or
she would not otherwise do. The focus of this paper is going to based on the
power that the firm had over its employees. In order to better understand the
concept of power and where it comes from two published researchers named J.R.P.
French Jr. and B. Raven came up with a five-category classification. The five
categories are as follows; coercive power, reward power, legitimate power,
expert power, and referent power. The firm practiced all five of these
categories to gain control over their employees actions. The top partners of
the firm possessed a great coercive power over their subordinates. Coercive
power is defined as a power based on fear. The lead character Mitch McDeere was
in fear of his life and his family’s life if he failed to comply to the firms
demands. The foundation of coercive behavior “…rests on the application, or
the threat of application, of physical sanctions such as the infliction of pain,
the generation of frustration through restriction of movement, or the
controlling by force of basic physiological or safety needs.” Throughout the
film there were many implications a negative outcome to certain actions that the
head partners felt were contrary to the success of the firm.
Another classification of power, reward power, is based on compliance
achieved based on the ability to distribute rewards that others view as valuable.
As stated in the chapter coercive and reward behavior are counterparts of each
other. In the movie they were used together. The book describes coercive power
as the power to take away something of positive value or to give something of
negative value. It goes further to explain reward power as the power to give
something of positive value or to take something away of negative value. Under
this view one could assume that the firm took away Mitch McDeeres’ value of
freedom. During the last few scenes of the movie the FBI agent asked Mitch why
he went to all the trouble to do what he did. His reply was ?…now I have a
life. A life of my own, not someone else’s.? At the same time the firm gave
Mitch many things of great value such as a houses, car, and six figure salary.
Another form of power that emerges in The Firm is Legitimate power.
Legitimate power is the power that a person receives as a result of his or her
position in the formal hierarchy of an organization. Tom Cruise did an
excellent job of depiction his characters role in the organization. Mitch was a
newcomer to the firm, but he was a very smart individual and a talented lawyer.
Because Mitch was such an intelligent person with a strong educational
background he exhibited an subtle hint arrogance. Even with this arrogant
attitude when confronted by the senior partner Tom Cruise’s character showed his
subordinate position with his body language and his use of power tactics such as
reason, friendliness assertiveness, and higher authority. These power tactics
are fully explained on page 472 of Organizational Behavior. The senior
partner’s authority over Mitch is a good example of Legitimate power.
Mitch McDeere also exhibited a power referred to as expert power. This
type of power is a form of influence based on special skills or knowledge.
Mitch and the rest of the lawyers in the firm had a expert power over the rest
of the people in the movie. Their clients respected their opinion. Expert
power exists because certain people have educational backgrounds that enable
them to give advise to others that the average person would not know. Expert
knowledge only exists on a narrow spectrum. A lawyer has a expert advantage
over a doctor when the topic of law is discussed. When the topic of medicine is
discussed the table is turned to the doctor’s advantage.
The final category of power listed is referent power. Referent power is
defined as an influence based on possession by an individual of desirable
resources or personal traits. Referent power emerges as a result of admiration
of another individual. Since McDeere started of as a character with little
money he got caught up in the affluent lifestyle very quickly. This was because
he saw something in the other partners that he wished that he had. He admired
his colleges’ the nice cars, big houses and expensive suits. The fact that he
fit in so quickly was due to the fact that he was influenced by the other
partners referent power over him.
Berndini, Lambert, and Lock made it a point to maintain a certain image
amongst their clients. This image that they tried to maintain could best be
explained by a process called impression management. Impression management is
defined as the process by which individuals attempt to control the impression
others form of them. The firm used impression management to influence their
clients and their new recruits. The firm encouraged strong family values and
close involvement with the company. There are seven techniques that the book
lists to help an individual gain a positive image or impression others view of
an individual. Although the book focused on individual impression management
techniques I believe that companies are often very concerned with their image
management. As a small firm Berndini, Lambert, and Lock had a relatively easy
job of maintaining a image of a organization that hires only professional,
family oriented individuals with strong values. As a law firm Berndini, Lambert,
and Lock felt it was important to make a strong effort to eliminate the negative
connotations that many people think of when they hire a lawyer. They
accomplished this by maintaining the practice of impression management.
Power and politics is something that will always be around us. As long
as there are a variety of people in this world with a limited level of resources
it will exist as a form of distribution of these limited resources. Power
exists in many forms. Some are done intentionally and some are done without
even knowing it. If used correctly power can help some to advance faster in
their jobs and enhance their social status. If used incorrectly power can hurt
the people it has its influence on. A person that is under the influence of
another persons power is at the mercy of the one in authority. This raises the
subject of ethics and power. How far should you go to gain power over another
individual in order to enhance your position in a company, social setting, or
even a relationship? The answer to this and many more ethical questions lie
within every individuals mind and hart. So the next time you come in contact
with someone who you feel has a powerful influence on your actions ask yourself;
Do they have my intentions in mind or their own?