Завдання 1
Completethe dialogues
1. TelephoneConversation with the British Firm – 1 person (I) in Present or FutureIndefinite Tense, Active Voice;
– Continental Equipment. Can I help you?
– I’d like to speak to Mr. Cartwright?
– Mr. Cartwright? Who’s calling, please?
– This is Victor Klimenko, from TSTSystems.
– Hold on, please. I’ll find out if he isin.
– What is it, Miss Elliot?
– Mr. Klimenko want’s to talk to you, sir.
– I’m very busy at the moment. Ask him tophone later.
– Yes, sir.
– Oh … wait a minute, Miss Elliot. Who isMr. Klimenko?
– He said he was from TST Systems.
– From TST System? … Oh, ask him what histelephone number is. I’ll ring him back.
– Hello? Is that TST Systems?
– Yes
– This is John Cartwright from ContinentalEquipment. May I speak to Mr. Klimenko?
– Yes. Klimenko speaking … .
– Did you want to speak to me?
– Yes, Mr. Cartwright. I’m the newCommercial Director of TST Systems. I’ve pleasure in informing you that wecarefully studied your materials and decided to accept your proposal.
– Thank you. Mr. Klimenko. Goodbye.
– Goodbye Mr. Cartwright.
2. Thecontract – in Past Tense, Passive Voice;
ContinentalEquipment Plc, Brighton, England, hereinafter referred to as “the Seller”, onthe one part, and TST Systems Ltd., Kiev, Ukraine, hereinafter referred to as“the Buyer”, on the other part, have concluded the present Contract as follows:
Subjectof the Contact
TheSeller has sold and the Buyer has bought the machinery, equipment, materials, andservices (Equipment) as listed in Appendix I being an integral part of thisContact.
Завдання 2
Findequivalents
1. mediumof exchange — ж) засіб обміну
2. measureof value — і) міравартості
3. storeof value — а) запасвартості
4. tobe any substance — з) бути будь-якою річчю
5. toissue money-и) випускати гроші в обіг
6. modernmoney — д) сучаснігроші
7. togo out of circulation — ї) виходити з обігу
8. paper/softmoney — г) паперовігроші
9. moneysupply — є) грошовамаса
10. toexpress worth — е) вираженавартість
11. tobe converted — в) бутиконвертованим
12. payment-б) плата, платіж
Завдання 3
Translateinto English
1. Якбиавтомобіль не їхав так швидко, нещасного випадку не сталося б.
2. Якщовін не прийде завтра, надішліть йому телеграму.
3. Якщоя буду там і побачу його, я скажу йому про це.
4. Цьогоб не сталося, якби ви були там.
5. Йомудоведеться піти в лікарню завтра, якщо йому не буде ліпше.
6. Булоб дуже люб’язно з вашого боку, якби ви могли це зробити для мене.
7. Чомуви не покликали його? Я певен, що він прийшов би, якби його покликали.
8. Меніпотрібно було багато часу, щоб перекласти цю статтю. Якби ви мені дали хорошийсловник, я б витратив менше часу.
9. Вонаб не губила гроші так часто, якби не була такою неуважною.
10. Якбиви сіли на більш ранній поїзд, ми б змогли подорожувати разом.
11. Якбия знав, що він завтра прийде, я б не поїхав сьогодні ввечері до нього.
12. Якбия був певен, що він уже повернувся до Києва, я б поїхав до нього зараз.
13. Якбиви сказали нам кілька днів тому, що у вас є цей довідник, ми б попросили васдати нам його на певний час.
14. Якбия знав його адресу, я б написав йому зараз, що ви згодні допомогти йому.
15. Кудиб ви пішли, якби були зараз вільні?
Переклад
1. Ifthe car hadn’t driven so fast, the accident wouldn’t happened.
2. Ifhe doesn’t come tomorrow, send him a telegram.
3. IfI am there, and see him, I shall tell him about it.
4. Itwouldn’t have happened, if you had been there.
5. Hewill go to the hospital tomorrow, if he doesn’t feel better.
6. Itwould be very polite, if you could do this for me.
7. Whydidn’t you call him? I’m sure that he would come, if you called him.
8. Ihad to use much time to translate this article. If you had given me a gooddictionary, I should have spent less time.
9. Shedidn’t lose her money so often, if she wouldn’t be so inattentive.
10. Ifyou took the earlier train, we should be able to travel together.
11. IfI knew that he would come tomorrow, I shouldn’t have gone to him today evening.
12. IfI was sure that he had returned to Kyiv, I should go to him now.
13. Ifyou had told us a few days ago, that you had this reference book, we should haveasked you to give it to us for a while.
14. IfI had his address I should write him now that you were agree to help him.
15. Wherewould you go, if you were free now?
Завдання4
Openthe brackets, using the correct form of the Participle
1. Hedidn’t pay any attention to the ringing telephone.
2. Themethod followed by scientists was not simple
3. Havingfound no one at home he went to his neighbours.
4. Thisis the book being so much spoken about.
5. Aletter lying on the table must be posted.
6. Havingobtained new results, they decided to publish them.
7. Neverhaving visited the place before, she got lost.
8. Thehouse being built at the corner of the street will be a library.
9. Youneedn’t repeat the lesson so well having been remembered by everybody.
10. Hesat in a comfortable armchair smoking a cigarette.
11. Havingread half the book, he fell asleep.
12. Havingrealized that she had missed the train the woman began to walk slowly.
13. Itbeing very cold, they made a fire.
14. Thebook taken from Petrenko is very interesting.
Завдання5
PastSimple — Past Continuous
1. Lastyear I decided to go to England for my holydays.
2. WhenI left Kyiv it was raining, but when I arrived in London it was clearing up.
3. Acold wind blew from the sea.
4. Iwent to my hotel by bus. As soon as I sighed in I saw a friend of mine fromUkraine.
5. Shestayed at the same hotel.
6. Inthe afternoon we went shopping.
7. Streettraders sold souvenirs.
8. Welistened to their chatter trying to understand them.
Завдання 6
Putthe sentences into Direct Speech with appropriate punctuation
1. Heasked what the weather hadbeen like during myholiday, and Isaidthat it had been awful”.
2. Billasked what country I came from.
3. Iasked if I should write to Ann.
4. Sheasked him not to interrupt her.
5. Ibegged to make the coffee a bit stronger.
6. Annsaid not to wait for her if she was late.
7. Iasked her if she would like to borrow the book but she thanked me and said thatshe had already read it and had not liked it very much.
8. Istopped a man in the street and asked him to help me with my car.
DirectSpeech
1. Heasked: “Whatthe weather waslike during yourholiday?”, and Isaid:«Thatit was awful».
2. Billasked: “What country do you came from?”
3. Iasked: “Shall I write Ann?”
4. Sheasked him: “Don’t interrupt me”.
5. Ibegged: “Make the coffee a bit stronger”.
6. Annsaid: “Don’t wait for me if I am late”.
7. Iasked her: “Would you like to borrow the book”, but she thanked me and said:“I’ve already read it and didn’t like it very much”.
8. Istopped a man in the street and asked: “Help me with my car, please”.
Завдання 7
Translateinto English
1. Він сказав, що повинен зробити цю роботусам.
2. Лікар не велів мені виходити кількаднів.
3. Я спитав, чи прийде він сюди ввечері, івін сказав, що прийде.
4. Він щойно сказав, що він повністюзадоволений результатами нашої роботи.
5. Я запитав її, чи іде дощ. Вонавідповіла, що йде.
6. Лікар звелів йому кинути курити.
7. Запитайте його, чи погодиться віндопомогти нам.
8. Я не був упевнений, що цю роботу будезроблено вчасно.
9. Ніхто не розумів, чому вона відмовиласявід такої цікавої пропозиції.
Переклад
1. Hesaid that he should dothis jod himself.
2. Thedoctor didn’t allowme to go out for severaldays.
3. Iasked if he would comehere in the evening, and he saidhe would .
4. Hehas justsaid that he’scompletely satisfied by the results of our work.
5. Iasked her if itwas raining.She askedthat it was.
6. Thedoctor ordered him to stopsmoking.
7. Askhim whether he will agreeto help us.
8. Iwasn’t sure that thisjob wouldbe done in time.
9. Nobodyunderstood why she refusedsuch aninteresting proposition.
Завдання8
Usethe correct form of the Gerund. Add a preposition if necessary
1. Ithink I’ll have a chance of introducing you to my friends.
2. Boysalways enjoy swimming.
3. I’vejust had the pleasure having introduced to your sister.
4. Sheinsisted on helping me.
5. Theyhad much difficulty of finding the house.
6. Ihave no intention of staying here any longer.
7. Heis afraid of catching cold.
8. Shehad to leave the house by having seen by anybody.
9. Areyou fond of playing chess?
10. Heis engaged having written a book.
11. Ithink of going to the south in summer.
12. Therain prevented me from coming.
13. Tomis proud of doing an important work.
14. Thereis no possibility of finding his address.
Завдання9
Insertprepositions where necessary
1. Hesucceeded in getting what he wanted.
2. Thisprevented the letter from being sent off.
3. Hehas a strange habit of drinking strong tea in the evening.
4. Theyinsisted on our beginning the negotiations at once.
5. Heleft the house by waking anyone.
6. Thereis no excuse of his doing such a thing.
7. Wehave heard of the agreement having been reached.
8. Haveyou the means of helping him now?
9. Youcan improve your knowledge of English by reading more.
10. Hehas had very much experience of teaching.
11. Byreceiving the telegram I phoned to my brother.
12. Wewere informed of their taking part in this work.
Завдання10
1. Isthere anybody here who can introduce me to the President of the company.
2. JorgeLopez. I seem to remember that name. Isn’t he the man whom we owe the check to?
3. Weare prepared to reduce the price of the toothpaste because is approaching itssell-by date.
4. Theytake on extra staff at Easter. That’s the time of the year when they are attheir busiest.
5. I’mtalking about the advertisement that appeared in Kiev Post of March 26.
6. I’mlooking for the person whose coat’s lying on my desk.
7. Weare searching for a place where we can have a new office.
8. Doyou remember that restaurant in Paris where we had such a good time.
Завдання11
PassiveVoice
1. Wecould not cancel the order because they had already sent it.
Wecould not cancel the order because it had already been sent.
2. Theinflation influenced our business in the Middle East very badly.
Ourbusiness in the Middle East was influenced by the inflation.
3. Theywill make their advertisement soon.
Theiradvertisement will be made soon.
4. Weare printing our catalogues by Friday this week.
Ourcatalogues are being printed by Friday this week.
5. Wemake the compressors for those machines here.
Thecompressors for those machines are made here.
Завдання12
Putthe verbs in brackets into the Gerund or Infinitive
1. I am looking forward to see you.
2. We arrange meeting them here.
3. I wish to see the manager.
4. It’s no use to wait.
5. Don’t forget to lock the door beforegoing to bed.
6. My mother told me not to speak to anyoneabout it.
7. He tried to explain but she refused tolisten.
8. I’m beginning to understand what youmean.
9. Most people prefer spending money toearning it.
10. Theboys like to play games but they hate to do lessons.
11. Iknow my hair wants being out but I never have time to go to the hairdresser’s.
12. Afterhaving heard the conditions I decided not to enter for the competition.
c)
1.If I had a map, I would have been all right.
2.If I had realized that the traffic lights were red, I should have stopped.
3.If I had been ready when he called, he would have taken me with him.
4.If you had arrived a little earlier, you would have found me there.
5.If you had prepared for the exam more thouroughly, you would have get a bettermark.
6.The man would have been killed if the train hadn’t stopped quickly.
7.If I had been in your place, I should not have said this.
8.If he had known that the river was dangerous, he wouldn’t have tried to swimacross it.
9.If he hadn’t lost his spectacles, he would have been able to finish this workin time.
10.I should have called you up yesterday if I had been in town.
d)
1.You’ll get pneumonia if you don’t change your wet clothes.
2.If she hadn’t changed so much, I should have recognized her.
3.If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which would you choose?
4.If you had read the instructions carefully, you wouldn’t have answered thewrong question.
5.If I had been ready when he called, he would have taken me with him.
6.If I had been you, I should have appologised to her.
7.We should have stayed at home if we had known he was coming.
8.They wouldn’t believe me if I told them this.
Завдання13
Thethird factor of production is capital – the tools, equipment and factories usedin production of goods and services. It is a produced factor of production, adurable input which is itself an output of the economy. For example, we build atextile factory and use it to produce shirts, or assemble a computer and thenemploy it in educating students.
Asnoted earlier, such items are also called capital goods. This is to distinguishthem from financial capital, the money used to buy the tools and equipment usedin production.
Capitalis unique in that, it is the result of production. A bulldozer may be anexample of capital goods used in construction. At the same time, it wasmanufactured in a factory which makes it the result of earlier production.
Whenthe three inputs – land, labour and capital – are present, production or theprocess of creating goods and services, can takeplace. Even the production of the service called education requires the presenceof land, labour and capital.
Entrepreneurship,the managerial or organizational skills needed by most firms to produce goodsand services, is the fourth factor of production. The entrepreneur bringstogether the other three factors of production – land, labour and capital. Whenthey are successful, entrepreneurs earn profits, the return or reward for therisks, innovative ideas and efforts put into the business. When they are notsuccessful, they suffer losses.
Переклад
Третімфактором виробництва є капітал — інструменти, обладнання і фактори, щовикористовуються для виробництва товарів і послуг. Це виробничий фактор, тривалевикористання якого створює продукт економіки. Наприклад, ми будуємо текстильнуфабрику з метою виробництва сорочок, або збираємо комп’ютер, а потімвикористовуємо його для навчання студентів.
Наоснові цього можна сказати, що такі фактори ми називаємо виробничим капіталом. Цевідрізняє їх від фінансового капіталу, грошей, використаних для покупкиінструментів та обладнання, що використовуються у виробництві.
Капіталунікальний тим, що він є результатом виробництва. Бульдозер може бути прикладомвиробничого капіталу, що використовуються у виробництві. У той же час, він буввиготовлений на фабриці, що робить його результатом попереднього виробництва.
Колитри фактори — земля, праця і капітал використовуються, виникає процесвиробництва чи створення товарів та послуг. Навіть надання послуг вимагаєвикористання землі, праці і капіталу.
Підприємницькі,управлінські чи організаційні здібності є необхідними на більшостіпідприємствах для того щоб виробляти товари чи надавати послуги, і вони єчетвертим фактором виробництва. Підприємець об’єднує три фактори виробництва –землю, працю, капітал. Коли це поєднання є успішним, підприємці отримуютьприбуток, винагорода за ризик, інноваційні ідеї та зусилля, вкладені у бізнес.Коли це поєднання не є успішним, вони зазнають збитків.
Література
1. ГапонЮ.А. Business English. Англійськамова для ділового спілкування. Інтенсивний курс. Навчальний посібник занглійської мови. – К.: Видавництво Європ. університету, 2004-230с.
2. БогацкийИ. С., Дюканова Н. М. Бизнес-курс английского языка. – 5-е изд., испр. – К.:«Логос», 2001. – 352 с.